Improvement in protecting water-pipes from freezing



Patented Aug. 3l, 1875.

A. N. RANK| N. I Protecting water Pipes from Freezing. No.l67,l95.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

ANDREW N. RANKIN, OF NYAGK, NEW YORK.

iMPRovEMi-:NT ne recrear-ine WATER-PlPl-:s Fuori FREEzlNe Speccation forming part of Letters Patent No.` 167,195, dated August 31, 1875; application lod June 3, 1874.

CASE B.

To all' whom it may concern:

1 Be it known that I, ANDREW N. RANKIN, of the village ot' Nyack, county of lRockland, in the State of New York, have invented w-hat I call a Water-Pipe Protection from Freezing.-

'Ihe object of my invention 4is to protect water-pipes from the action of the atmospheric air, so as to prevent the Water in said pipes from freezing.

Thefollowing description; taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, hereinafter' referred `to, forms a full and exact specification of tle same, wherein I have set forth the nature and principles of my said invention, by which my invention may be distinguished from all others of a similar class, together with such parts as I claim and desire to seclre by Letters Patent. A y

' The'present-invention consists in properly protecting water-pipes from the action ot' the atmospheric air, so as to keep the water therein from freezing. To do so I wrap the water pipe with one or more thicknesses of good, sound paper, one edge of the paper to be prepared with gum-tragacanth or other suitable adhesive substance. Apply such gummed edge of the paper to the surface of the pipe; then wrap thepaper about the pipe, and secure the other edge to the part of the wrapping, with which it comes in contact by some good adhesive or sticking material. Then prepare some sheet-zincor other equally good metal, or compound lof metals, by lining the same with good, sound paper, fastened with yproper' adhesive substance, starting the paper a short distance from the edge ofthe zinc or other outside covering out oi' the way of the joint which is to be made, and allowing the other edge of the paper to extend over the edge of the zinc an equal distance with such extension ot' the paper, well covered with adhesive matter, so that, when tlie joint is formed, such 'extended edge of paper will lap overl the joint, and, adhering. to the other side of the zinc, will exclude the passage of air through the joint of the zinc or other suitable outside covering. After lining the zinc with paper, as already described, l apply felt to the inside of the paper lining of the zinc, in the same manner as has been de scribed, about the paper lining, and lapping over the joint of the outside protectiou,the

felt'to be of suitable thickness to fill up' the spacejhetween the paper surrounding the water-'irpe and the paper lininglof the zinc or other suitable material.` The two edges of the zinc-are drawn together, and securely cemented or soldered together.

The foregoing is applicable `onlyto pipes conveying or containing cold water j but for pipes containing hot water Ill up the space between the water-pipe, say, an inch, or more or less, according to exposure, on all sides with ground gypsum, called also plaster-ot? paris. This will answer also for waterpipes containing cold water, but is not as effective as the first described, which is for that reason preferred. The faucets are covered also with sheet-zinc or other suitable material, and the space filled with gypsum which has irst been ground to powder; for if the water4 shou1d.not freeze in the pipe, but should freeze in the faucet, it could not be drawn from the pipe when frozen in the faucet.

Figure 1. is a horizontal section; Fig. 2 is a vertical section.

In the accompanying plate of drawings, a represents the outer piece of sheet-zinc or other suitable material. b represents the paper lining for the zinc. c represents the felt lining. d represents the ioining of the ,edges of thezinc or othersuitable material;

and e represents the paper wrappin g surrounding the water-pi pe.

I claim as my inventionl. The method of protecting watenpipes, or rendering them impervious to atmospheric actionconsis'ting in enveloping or covering the pipe, first with a layer of paper, then felt, then again with paper, and inclosing the whole in a zinc case, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The material or coating for rendering water-pipes impervious to the action of the atmosphere, consisting of one or more envelopes of paper, intermediate filling of felt, and inclosing `metallic case, arranged and applied substantially in the manner herein shown and described.

ANDREW N. RANKIN.

Witnesses:

J. W. SPEAKEs, Jr., J. MCKENNEY. 

